Explores how Egypt’s status as a wartime creditor to Britain became a mechanism of post-colonial wealth extraction, freezing capital that could have funded industrialization.
Presents the central counterfactual model: what £400 million compounded to 1970 would have yielded if released in 1945, compared to Egypt’s actual receipts, quantifying the scale of the trap.
Analyzes the post-war negotiations, the 1951 devaluation losses, and the political leverage Britain used to keep Egyptian capital locked in London while extracting real resources.
Examines the accumulation of sterling balances during WWII, the political economy of British military expenditure in Egypt, and the legal fiction that turned a creditor nation into a supplicant.